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Area Forecast Discussion
Issued by NWS Sioux Falls, SD
Issued by NWS Sioux Falls, SD
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357 FXUS63 KFSD 181926 AFDFSD Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Sioux Falls SD 226 PM CDT Thu Jul 18 2024 .KEY MESSAGES... - Showers and thunderstorms return to the area on Friday. Some could be strong to severe with large hail up to the size of a quarter (1 inch) and damaging winds to 60 mph. Isolated pockets of heavier rainfall are also possible. - Cooler conditions return for the weekend with funnels possible on Saturday. - Cooler temperatures and daily chances for rain will continue through the majority of the work week next week. && .DISCUSSION... Issued at 225 PM CDT Thu Jul 18 2024 A beautiful rest of the afternoon is in store as high pressure continues to slide east of the area. Winds will remain light out of the south/southeast at 5 to 10 mph. While quiet conditions will persist into the night, a weak ridge riding shortwave trough will bring the chance for showers to weak thunderstorms to parts of south central South Dakota late tonight. Soundings show a weak moist layer around 750 mb along with steeper lapse rates around this layer, thus small instability on the order of a few hundred J/kg of CAPE is expected. The weak instability will coincide with weak wind shear, keeping any chance for severe storms at bay. Low temperatures will be warmer, near seasonable in the upper 50s to mid 60s. Southerly return flow on the backside of the departing high will persist into the afternoon hours on Friday. However, moisture return does not look all that impressive as only low 60 degree dew points will be advected into the region. Should still see some moistening of dew points due to evapotranspiration into the mid 60s though. High temperatures will warm to the upper 70s to low 80s, generating sufficient instability up to around 1,500 J/kg of CAPE. Another, slightly stronger shortwave trough will push into the Northern Plains, setting the stage for strong to severe storms. Wind shear is also on the lower side with deep layer shear values between 20-30 knots expected. While not a classic environment for severe weather, there is enough of an overlap between marginal shear and instability where some storms could be strong to severe. Storms look to develop along a surface trough during the late morning to early afternoon hours across parts of central South Dakota and push southeastwards into the forecast area. Given the convergence within the surface trough, think that mixed storm modes are possible with multi-cells and smaller, broken lines. Given the more marginal environment and mixed storm mode, think large hail to the size of quarters (1 inch) and damaging winds to 60 mph are the primary hazards. Any chance for strong to severe storms will come to an end by 10 pm at the latest. However, non-severe storms look to persist through the night. Rainfall totals between a tenth or two to up to an inch+. The highest amounts will be more isolated but the bulk of the rain will fall across parts of southeastern South Dakota, far northeast Iowa, and northwest Iowa. Low temperatures look to fall to the 60s overnight. Saturday will be a partly cloudy and somewhat dreary kind of day. The previously mentioned upper level wave will become vertically stacked and slow down. Latest deterministic guidance is in good agreement that the wave becomes vertically stacked just south of the forecast area. Wrap around moisture from the low will provide another round of showers and thunderstorms. Good news is that vertical shear will be very weak to negligible so severe storms are not expected. However, can`t rule out the chance of a funnel cloud or two with the low hanging around the area. This will also keep rainfall totals much lower with amounts from a few hundredths to up to around a quarter of an inch. With some cloud cover and showers/storms around, high temperatures will be on the cooler side with highs in the 70s to low 80s expected. Lows will fall to the 60s overnight. The upper level low will continue to meander across parts of the Upper Midwest on Sunday. With similar conditions to Saturday, afternoon showers and weak storms are possible. Only difference is that the upper low will wobble a bit further away from the forecast area which should prevent any funnel clouds from forming. Highs will again be in the 70s to low 80s and lows in the 60s. Broad troughing will encompass parts of the Northern Plains and Upper Midwest for the majority of the work week. This will keep near to below normal highs in the 70s and 80s along with daily chances for rain. Ensembles support this as they all show a near 100% probabilities for exceeding a hundredth of an inch. Without adequate forcing and shear, daily afternoon shower and non-severe storms are expected. && .AVIATION /18Z TAFS THROUGH 18Z FRIDAY/... Issued at 1219 PM CDT Thu Jul 18 2024 VFR conditions are expected for the TAF period. Mainly clear skies are in store for this afternoon along with a weak CU field mainly along and east of I-29 based around 5,000ft. Light southeasterly winds with speeds between 5 to 10 knots will persist into the overnight hours before turning southerly for the rest of the TAF period. Light showers are possible across parts of south central South Dakota during the early morning hours but look to stay away from all TAF sites. Another round of showers and thunderstorms look to move in from the northwest at the end of the TAF period. Some uncertainty remains regarding the timing of the storms to have kept out of KHON`s TAF for now. Trends will be monitored. && .FSD WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... SD...None. MN...None. IA...None. NE...None. && $$ DISCUSSION...Meyers AVIATION...Meyers